Some 14-17th century Polish tavern names.

by ffride wlffsdotter (Rebecca Lucas)

© 2024; all rights reserved
Created 13 June 2024.

Introduction.

In Polish towns, or along the busy trade routes outside of urban areas, there were inns where food, drink, and accommodation could be obtained for a fee (Chludziński 2002:175). Dobek (2019: 79-80) in his social history of Kraków's taverns, loosely groups the names of these businesses into four broad categories:

1. Names referring to the tavern's location,
2. The tavern's appearance or building material,
3. Named after plants, fungi, or animals, or
4. Named for the publican or their family.

But Dobek noted that the sources he used would often simply write that a tavern existed, and therefore only rarely mention its name. Chludziński (2002: 194) also notes that Polish-language tavern names often are recorded without a designator that would make its use as a business clear. As this short list focused on taverns and their designators, it cannot be considered a comprehensive compilation of the names of pre-1650 century taverns across Poland.

Along with the dated examples mentioned by Dobek (2019) and Chludziński (2002), I turned to the Słownik historyczno-geograficzny ziem polskich w średniowieczu (hereafter referred to with the abbreviation Sh-gzp), and searched for the Polish and Latin terms "karczma," and "t(h)aberna." Where I have transposed a name into the nominative (subject) case, this has been noted with an asterisk, and the original text is included in brackets.

Along with the thematic patterns identified by Dobek, it is also worth pointing out some of the more common ways that Polish grammar could form these tavern names:

• Referring to a river, or in a town, using the preposition na, and the location's name in the locative case:
  • eg. "thaberna Na Bariczi," (modern Polish: Taberna na Baryczy) the tavern on the Barycz (river),
  • "taberna Na Czle," (modern Polish: Taberna na Cle) the tavern in Cło,
  • and "taberna Nalekarthowye," (modern Polish: Taberna na Lekartówie) the tavern in Lekartów.
• With the town's name with feminine adjectival suffix -ska, meaning "tavern of [place]," either referring to a publican's own locative-based byname, or to the town in which the tavern could be found:
  • eg. "thaberna Yodlowszka," (modern Polish: Taberna Jodłówska) the tavern of Jodłówka,
  • "taberna Czyzowska," (modern Polish: Taberna Czyżowiska) the tavern of Czyżowice,
  • and "karczma plebańska," the tavern of the parsonage.
• Where the tavern is described, using the feminine form of a descriptive adjective:
  • eg. "taberna Glynyana," (modern Polish: Taberna Gliniana) the tavern made of clay,
  • "taberna Camyenna," (modern Polish: Taberna Kamienna) the tavern made of stone,
  • and "wielka karczma," the great tavern.
• With a noun, using the feminine adjectival suffix -owa, with a meaning like "relating to [noun]":
  • eg. "thaberna dicta Grzybowa," (modern Polish: Taberna Grzybowa) the tavern relating to the mushroom,
  • "Ielitova," (modern Polish: Jelitowa) the tavern relating to the intestine,
  • and "Gayova Karczma," (modern Polish: Gajowa Karczma) the tavern relating to the forest.

While I have attempted to interpret these names and provide English-language translations, please be aware that I am not a fluent speaker of Polish.

Tavern Names.

Names referring to the tavern's location.

• Taberna Barycz / Na Baryczy.
  These are two taverns on the Barycz river. One of the taverns used the prepositional phrase na Baryczy "on the Barycz" (Sh-gzp sn. Na Baryczy).
  
  • Thaberna Baricz, 1424 (Sh-gzp sn. Karczma Barycz)
  • thaberna Nabariczÿ, 1446 (Sh-gzp sn. Na Baryczy)
  • taberna super Baricz, 1447 (Sh-gzp sn. Na Baryczy)
  • thaberna Na Bariczi, 1447 (Sh-gzp sn. Na Baryczy)

• Bolechówka Taberna.
  Named after the village of Bolechówka, in which it was located (Sh-gzp sn. Bolechówka).
  • Bolechowka taberna, 1470-80 (Sh-gzp sn. Bolechówka).

• Taberna Borowa.
  Named after the village of Borowa, in which it was located (Sh-gzp sn. Borowa).
  • taberna Borrowa, 1414 (Sh-gzp sn. Borowa).

• Borzęta.
  The tavern was located at the base of the mountain called góra Borzęta (Sh-gzp sn. Borzęta).
  • Bozatha, 1400 (Sh-gzp sn. Borzęta).
  • Bozantcza, 1400 (Sh-gzp sn. Borzęta).

• Taberna Budzka.
  Named after the village, Budy, in which it was located. The village's name refers to Polish buda, plural budy, meaning "shacks, cabins." The tavern's name uses the feminine adjectival form Budzka (Sh-gzp sn. Budy).
  • thaberna Budczka, 1487 (Sh-gzp sn. Budy).

• Taberna Celna.
  Named after the village of Cło. The locality and tavern's name is derived from the noun cło, using the feminine adjectival form celna. The name refers to customs, as in the collection of taxes and duties on imported and exported goods. (Sh-gzp sn. Cło).
  • taberna Na Czle, 1411 (Sh-gzp sn. Cło).
  • taberna Celna, 1425 (Sh-gzp sn. Cło).
  • taberna Czelna, 1529 (Sh-gzp sn. Cło).
  • taberna dicta Czlo, 1529 (Leszczyńska-Skrętowa 1968: 322).

• Chruszczyńska taberna.
  Named after the village of Chruszczyna Mała, in which it was located. (Sh-gzp sn. Chroszczyńska Karczma). It uses the feminine adjectival form of the village name, Chruszczyńska.
  • Chroscynska taberna, 1470-80 (Sh-gzp sn. Chroszczyńska Karczma).

• Taberna Cianówka.
  Named after the village, Cianówka, in which it was located. (Sh-gzp sn. Cianówka).
  • thaberna Czyanowca... taberne Czyanowka 1453 (Rymut 1967: 36).

• Danziger Krug.
  Chludziński (2002:181) says this tavern was on the road between Szczecin and Gdańsk (German: Danzig), hence it was the "Danziger Inn." The noun Krug, here, is a northern German word for a pub or tavern.
  • Danzger Krug, 1512 (Chludziński 2002:181)

• Taberna de Janowice.
  This tavern was in the village of Janowice, near Szczyrzyc.
  • thaberna de Janowycze, 1408 (Sh-gzp sn. Janowice)

• Krukenbeke.
  Chludziński (2002:189) says this tavern (Standard High German: Krug, Middle Low German kruke) is named for its location beside a rivulet (Standard High German: Bach, Middle Low German: beke).
  • Krukenbeke, 1436 (Chludziński 2002:189)

• Taberna na Lekartowie.
  The tavern was named after the town it was located within, Lekartów. The tavern uses the locative form of the town name, with the preposition na "on, in."
  • karczma bez nazwy k[ierunku] rz[eki] Wilgi, 1419 [the tavern without a name, towards the Wilga river] (Sh-gzp sn. Lekartów).
  • taberna dicta Lecarthowi, 1424 (Sh-gzp sn. Lekartów).
  • taberna Nalekarthowye, 1446 (Sh-gzp sn. Lekartów).
  • taberna in Lekarthow, 1448 (Sh-gzp sn. Lekartów).
  • Legarthowa, 1460 (Sh-gzp sn. Lekartów).

• Taberna Łobzowska.
  The tavern was named after the town it was located within, Łobzów. The tavern uses the feminine adjectival form of the town name.
  • thaberna Lobzowske, 1438 (Sh-gzp sn. Łobzów).

• Taberna Mierzączka
  This tavern was named after the now-former town of Mierzączka. The town of Mierzączka was originally neighbouring the town of Wieliczka, but as Wieliczka grew in the 19th century, Mierzączka was subsumed (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka). It was named with the Polish noun mierzączka from the verb mierzić "disgust, the feeling of dislike."
  • taberna dicta Merszatczka iacens ante Weliczka, 1426 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • taberna dicta Myerzszanczka, 1429 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • taberna Myerszanka, 1430 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • taberna dicta Mirszyczca, 1437 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • thaberna dicta Mijerszaczka, 1438 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • *Taberna Mijerzzanczka, 1439 (area et ortus alias zagroda iacens in suburbio civitatis Wieliczka ex opposito taberne Mijerzzanczka) (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • taberna ante Veliczca in Mirszanczka, 1443 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • thaberna Mirsaczka ante Veliczca, 1446 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • thaberna Myerszanczka, 1453 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • taberna Myersyaczka, 1469, 1471 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • taberna dicta Myerzączka, 1476 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • taberna Myerzaczka, 1486 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • taberna dicta Myerszijancza in suburbio wyeliciensi, 1492 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • taberna Mirzianczka, 1497 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).
  • taberna Myerzyączka, 1530 (Sh-gzp sn. Mierzączka).

• Karczma Plebańska.
  This tavern name uses the feminine adjectival form of the Polish word plebański "parsonage, relating to the lands used to support the religious minister of a parish."
  • karczma plebańska, 1440, 1500 (Sh-gzp sn. Jadowniki).

• Podchełmie.
  This tavern was located in the village of Kochanów, formerly known as Chrusty, and was located under (Polish: pod) the hill called Chełm (Urząd Gminy Zabierzów 2023).
  • Chelm, 1470-80 (Sh-gzp sn. Chełm).
  • taberna sub Chelm, 1476 (Sh-gzp sn. Chełm).
  • Chrosthi, 1576 (Sh-gzp sn. Chełm).
  • Podchełmie, 1576 (Sh-gzp sn. Chełm).
  • Podchelmie alias Chrosty, 1644 (Sh-gzp sn. Chełm).

Names referring to the tavern's appearance or building material.

• Chajduga.
  This tavern was not recorded with a descriptor such as taberna or karczma. It is derived from the word chajda "cottage, shack," with the noun-forming suffix -uga (Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2024. sn. Chajdas).
  • Chaiduga, 1551 (Sh-gzp sn. Chajduga).
  • Chauduga, 1551 (Sh-gzp sn. Chajduga).
  • Chayduga, 1551 (Sh-gzp sn. Chajduga).

• Taberna Gliniana.
  This tavern name uses the femine form of the Polish adjective gliniany "clayen, made of clay."
  • taberna Glynyana, 1569 (Sh-gzp sn. Gliniana karczma)

• Kałek.
  This used a diminutive of the Polish word kał "mud, filth, faeces," and may describe the conditions at the tavern (Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk 2024 sn. Kałek).
  • Kalek, 1446 (Sh-gzp sn. Kałek).

• Taberna Kamienna.
  Its name uses Latin lapidalis, and Polish kamienny "(made of) stone" (Dobek 2019: 79). It uses the feminine adjectival form, kamienna in the Polish language examples.
  • Celarium Lapide, 1489 (Dobek 2019: 79)
  • *Taberna lapidalis, 1481-1482 (Tabernam Lapidalem) (Dobek 2019: 79)
  • taberna Camyenna, 1524 (Sh-gzp sn. Kamienna Karczma)
  • taberna dicta Camyenna, 1529 (Sh-gzp sn. Kamienna Karczma)
  • taberna Kamienna, 1568 (Sh-gzp sn. Kamienna Karczma)
  • Kamienna karczma, 1570 (Sh-gzp sn. Kamienna Karczma)

• Wielka karczma.
  This tavern name uses the feminine adjectival form of Polish wielki "great, big, large in size."
  • wielka karczma, 1471 (Sh-gzp sn. Jadowniki).

Taverns named after plants, fungi, or animals.

• Taberna Grzybowa.
  From Polish grzybowy "relating to the mushroom." The tavern uses a nominative feminine adjectival form of the word.
  See also: Karczma Zając.
  • taberna vocata Grzymowa dicta, 1470-80 (Sh-gzp sn. Grzybowa karczma).
  • thaberna dicta Grzybowa, 1470 (Sh-gzp sn. Grzybowa karczma).
  • taberna dicta Grzibowa alias Zayancz, 1560 (Sh-gzp sn. Grzybowa karczma).

• Jasieńska karczma.
  This tavern is named after the town it was located within, Jasień, named after Polish jasień "ash tree." It uses the feminine adjectival form of the town's name.
  (Note: Jasień, and Jodłowska in the next entry, are neighbouring towns. In the present day, the train station Jasień Brzeski lies between them.)
  Two of the names refer to the taverns location on the outsides of town, using modern Polish koniec meaning "end," and Latin sub, meaning "end," or "behind, within."
  See also: Jodłowska karczma.
  • Jassen taberna, 1453 (Sh-gzp sn. Jasieńska karczma)
  • thaberna Conecz Jassenska, 1454 (Sh-gzp sn. Jasieńska karczma)
  • [taberna] sub Jassien, 1529 (Sh-gzp sn. Jasieńska karczma)

• Jodłowska karczma.
  This tavern is named after the town it was located within, Jodłówka. It uses the feminine adjectival form of the name. The town's name itself is from jodła "fir tree."
  See also: Jasieńska karczma.
  • karczma bez nazwy w Jodłówce, 1403, 1415 (Sh-gzp sn. Jasieńska karczma)
  • Jodłowska thaberna, 1440 (Sh-gzp sn. Jasieńska karczma)
  • thaberna Yodlowszka, 1448 (Sh-gzp sn. Jasieńska karczma)
  • una thaberna in villa Jodlowka ante Jasszyen, 1470-1480 (Sh-gzp sn. Jasieńska karczma)

• Lipka.
  This tavern name uses the diminutive of Polish lipa "lime tree," hence lipka means "little lime tree."
  • Lipka, 1470-80 (Sh-gzp sn. Lipka).

• Karczma Soczewa.
  This tavern name uses the Polish noun soczawa, or soczewa, "lentil" (Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2024. sn. Soczawa).
  • karczma Szoczewa, 1497 (Sh-gzp sn. Jadowniki).

• Taberna Szyszki.
  From the Polish plural noun szyszki "pinecones." The singular form is szyszka.
  • taberna Schyszkij, 1459 (Sh-gzp sn. Hartmański młyn).
  • taberna... Zischky, 1530 (Sh-gzp sn. Hartmański młyn).

• Vogelsang.
  This a German word meaning "birdsong." Chludziński (2002:191) says this could also refer to a place that was "miejsca ustronne, miłe, spokojne" [a secluded place that is calm and pleasant].
  • Vogelsang, ca. 1399 (Chludziński 2002:191)
  • Vogilsang, 1400-1405 (Chludziński 2002:191)
  • Fogelsank, 1565 (Chludziński 2002:191)

• Taberna Węgiel.
  From Polish węgiel "coal" (Dobek 2019: 79).
  • *Taberna Wengel dicta, 1555 (tabernae Wengel dictae) (Dobek 2019: 79).

• Karczma Wyszowa.
  This tavern appears to have been named after the Polish word wysz, "rushes, Juncus," with the feminine, possessive suffix -owa. Other entries of Sh-gzp (eg. sn. Biały Kościół) seem to imply that the tavern is named after a nearby locality, called Wiszowa. This tavern may therefore have been located on the road between Bebło and Wiszowa.
  • karczma Wyszowa, 1470-80 (Sh-gzp sn. Bebło).

• Karczma Zając.
  From Polish zając "hare" (Dobek 2019: 79).
  See also: Taberna Grzybowa.
  • taberna dicta Grzibowa alias Zayancz, 1560 (Sh-gzp sn. Grzybowa karczma).
  • karczma Zając, 1529 (Sh-gzp sn. Bieżanów).
  • taberna Zayąncz, 1529 (Sh-gzp sn. Grzybowa karczma).

Taverns named for the publican or their family.

• Taberna apud Błażek.
  "At the tavern of Błażek." This place was named after the publican, either his given name, or byname (Dobek 2019: 80). It is a diminutive of the personal name Błażej (Latin: Blasius), with the suffix -ek. (Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2024. sn. Błażek).
  • *Taberna apud Blazek, 1540 (in taberna apud Blazek) (Dobek 2019: 80).

• Taberna Chrostkowska.
  This seems to be named after a publican with the normalised byname Krostkowski, as the tavern was in the village of Dubie (Sh-gzp sn. Dubie). The name itself is an adjectival, locative bynamine, possibly indicating that the innkeeper originated from the village of Krostkowo.
  See also: Stanowski Tavern.
  • thaberna Chroszthcowszka, 1445 (Sh-gzp sn. Chrostkowska karczma).
  • *karczma... Chrostowska, 1445 (karczmy Stanowska i Chrostowska) (Sh-gzp sn. Dubie).

• Taberna Czyżowska.
  This seems to be named after a publican with the normalised byname Czyżowski, as the tavern was probably near the village of Nieszkowice Małe (Sh-gzp sn. Czyżowska karczma). The tavern uses the feminine adjectival form of the publican's byname, indicates that the owner originated from the village of Czyżowice (Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2024. sn. Czyżowski).
  • taberna Czyzowska, 1538 (Sh-gzp sn. Czyżowska karczma)

• Taberna Januszówska.
  These two identically-named taverns were both near the village of Januszowice. They were probably founded by a man with the (normalised) name Janusz, using the feminine adjectival form, Januszówska.
  See also: Taberna Kamionka, Przybysławska taberna.
  • taberna Januszowska, 1423 (Sh-gzp sn. Kamionka)
  • Janussowska, 1423 (Sh-gzp sn. Kamionka)
  • thaberna Janussowska, 1443 (Sh-gzp sn. Chochoł)

• Kleszczyńska karczma.
  This inn was in the town of Topola, in Kazimierza County. This name seems to refer to the town of Kleszczyn, in Rypin County, using the feminine adjectival form. This was possibly derived from the locative byname of the innkeeper.
  • taberna dicta Kleszczynska, 1513 (Sh-gzp sn. Kleszczyńska karczma).

• Kubianka.
  Kuba is a diminutive of the name Jakub, with the suffix -anka. This would form a feminine noun that could be very loosely translated as saying the inn was "derived from," or "was created by" Kuba (Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2024. sn. Kuba).
  • Kvbyanka, 1529 (Sh-gzp sn. Kubianka).

• Kretscham Legbąd.
  The tavern was named after its original innkeeper (Chludziński 2002:178). Note that at least one of these instances were recorded in a German-language document, using the word Kretscham, a term for a vilage inn.
  • Der kreczm Leckebant, 1438 (Chludziński 2002:178)
  • Legeband, 1438 (Chludziński 2002:178)
  • Legmundt, 1570 (Chludziński 2002:178)

• Przybysławska taberna.
  The town of Przybysławice was founded by a man with the (normalised) name Przybysław. This tavern name uses the feminine adjectival form.
  See also: Chochoł.
  • Pribislavska taberna, 1388 (Sh-gzp sn. Chochoł).

• Karczma Stanowska.
  This seems to be named after a publican with the (normalised) byname Stanowski, as the tavern was in the village of Dubie (Sh-gzp sn. Dubie). The tavern uses the feminine adjectival form of his byname.
  See also: Taberna Crostkowska.
  • *karczma Stanowska, 1445 (karczmy Stanowska i Chrostowska) (Sh-gzp sn. Dubie).

• Taberna Szmith.
  The tavern is named for the innkeeper with the byname Szmit, a Polonisation of German Schmidt or "smith" (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur 2024 sn. Szmidt).
  See also: Taberna Krużlowa.
  • thaberna Szmith, 1511 (Sh-gzp sn. Krużlowa).

• Szymankowa taberna.
  This seems to be named after a publican with the (normalised) byname Szymankow, as the tavern was in the Notecka forest (Sh-gzp sn. Notecka Puszcza). The byname itself is a patronymic from the personal name Szymanek (Kulupa 2012 sn. Szymanek). The tavern uses a feminine possessive form of the byname.
  
  • Szymankowa taberna, 1545 (Sh-gzp sn. Notecka Puszcza).

Names with unclear meanings, or other names.

• Białek.
  This tavern was recorded without a descriptor such as taberna or karczma. Białek is derived from biały "white" and the diminutive -ek. (Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2024. sn. Białek). It is not clear to what the name refers; it could be derived from the name of the publican, or the appearance of the inn.
  • Balek, 1421 (Sh-gzp sn. Białek).

• Taberna Gajowa.
  This tavern is either named from the feminine form of the Polish adjective gajowy "connected to/relating to the forest," or the noun gajowa "the wife of a forester" (Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk 2024 sn. Gajowa).
  • thaberna Gayowska, 1397 (Sh-gzp sn. Gajowa karczma)
  • Gayova Karczma, 1437 (Sh-gzp sn. Gajowa karczma)
  • *taberna Gayowa, 1441 (taberne Gayowe) (Sh-gzp sn. Gajowa karczma)
  • Gayowa Carczma, 1445 (Sh-gzp sn. Gajowa karczma)

• Taberna Giszolówska.
  This tavern was in the village of Lucławice. Its etymology is unclear.
  • thaberna dicta Giszolowska, 1465 (Sh-gzp sn. Giszolówka karczma)

• Taberna Grąb.
  The etymology of this name is unclear. Naruszewicz-Duchlińska (2009:29) suggests that the word grąb is related to the Polish adjective gręby meaning wrinkled.
  • thaberna Grab, 1408 (Sh-gzp sn. Grąb)
  • Grąmb, 1476 (Sh-gzp sn. Grąb)
  • Grab, 1476 (Sh-gzp sn. Grąb)

• Jelitowa.
  This tavern was located in the village of Zesławice. It was was named for Polish jelito, "intestines," and uses a feminine adjectival form of the byname.
  • Ielitova, 1570 (Sh-gzp sn. Jelitowa).

• Taberna Kaszczor.
  This tavern was founded by the Poor Clares, hence the tavern refers to the Polish word klasztor, "cloister."
  • taberna dicta Kaczor, 1449 (Sh-gzp sn. Kaszczor).

• Kamionka.
  The tavern's name may refer to multiple things called kamionka in Polish. It could refer to a pile of stones, stoneware ceramics, or the plant Rubus saxatilis/stone bramble.
  • Kamyonka, 1424 (Sh-gzp sn. Kamionka).

• Kołaczowski karczma.
  The tavern's name may refer to a type of round bread caled kołacz. The tavern uses the masculine adjectival form of the noun.
  • Kołaczowski karczma, 1564 (Sh-gzp sn. Kołaczowskiego karczma).

• Taberna Krużlowa.
  The tavern's was named for a town of Krużlowa that was destroyed by a flood in 1534 (Sh-gzp sn. Krużlowa). Its name may refer to a type of small pottery jug called a krużel in Polish, or krūs in Middle Low German (in Standard High German this is Krug) (de Vincenz and Hentschel 2010, sn. Krużlik).
  See also: Taberna Szmith.
  • taberna Crusonis, 1367 (Sh-gzp sn. Krużlowa).
  • taberna in Cruzlowy, 1477 (Sh-gzp sn. Krużlowa).

• Piekło.
  In Polish piekło means hell, as in the place where sinners in Christianity go in the afterlife. Chludziński (2002:192) suggests, that since this tavern was at the junction of the Vistula and Nogat rivers, the name may not refer to the quality of the inn but the danger of nearby river crossings.
  • Pieklo, 1570 (Chludziński 2002:192)

• Karczma Rzyć.
  This tavern seems to be named after the Polish noun rzyć "buttocks, bum"?
  • karczma Rzyć, 1467 (Sh-gzp sn. Giebułtów, Rajman 2014: 6).

• Karczma Sobótka.
  This tavern is named after Sobótka, referring to Saint John's Eve, or the bonfires built for the holiday.
  • karczma Sobótka, 1499 (Sh-gzp sn. Jadowniki).

• Świdnicka Piwnica.
  This particular tavern was located in Kraków, and had the exclusive right to sell beer imported from Świdnica in the city (Dobek 2019: 81). Similar taverns were established in other Polish cities, and the Wrocław piwnica in particular still exists as a restaurant (Piwnica Świdnicka, 2024).
  • *Taberna dicta szwynyczka pywnycza, 1538 (ad tabernam dictam szwynyczka pywnycza) (Estreicher 1909:37)
  • Cellarium Swidniczense, 1543 (Piekosiński 1885: 988).

• Karczma Świdzowska.
  The tavern uses a feminine adjectival suffix, but its meaning is unclear.
  • karczma Świdzowska, 1467 (Sh-gzp sn. Giebułtów, Rajman 2014: 6).

• Karczma Turek.
  The dictionary entry glosses the inn's name as Turek. This name could refer to the noun Turek, "Turk, (male) person from Turkey," a diminutive of the polish noun tur "aurochs," or it was named for one of the many villages in Poland called Turek (Sh-gzp sn. Cło).
  • karczma Turzec, 1461 (Sh-gzp sn. Cło).

Thank-you

Thank-you to Ollivier Le Floch for asking about Polish placenames, and for being the catalyst to pull this information together.

References

All links active as of 13 June 2024.

• Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur. 2024. Digitales Familiennamenwörterbuch Deutschlands. [Digital Dictionary of Surnames in Germany.]
• Chludziński, Andrzej. 2002. "Nazwy karczem na Pomorzu." [The names of inns in Pomerania.] Nasze Pomorze. Rocznik Muzeum Zachodnio-Kaszubskiego w Bytowie 4: 175–197.
  (Internet Archive link.)
• Dobek, Peter Paul. 2019. Karczma/Taberna: Public Houses in Cracow during the Jagiellonian Dynasty (PhD thesis: Western Michigan University)
  (Internet Archive link.)
• Estreicher, Stanislaus. 1909. Acta Rectoralia Almae Universitatis Studii Cracoviensis. Vol. 2 [Diaries of the learned rectors of the public university of Kraków.] (Kraków: Uniwersytet Jagielloński)
• Instytut Historii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2010-2022. Słownik historyczno-geograficzny ziem polskich w średniowieczu.[Historical and geographical dictionary of Polish lands in the Middle Ages.]
• Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2024. Internetowy słownik nazwisk w Polsce. [Internet dictionary of surnames in Poland.]
• Kulupa, Aleksandra. 2012. Nazwiska mieszkańców Poznania od XVI do XVIII wieku w świetle ksiąg metrykalnych Kolegiaty św. Marii Magdaleny. [The names of the residents of the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries on the basis of parish register of the parish. Mary Magdalene.] [PhD Thesis] (Poznań: Adam Mickiewicz University)
• Leszczyńska-Skrętowa, Zofia. 1968. Księga dochodów beneficjów diecezji krakowskiej z roku 1529. [Income book of the benefices of the Kraków diocese from 1529.] (Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich)
• Naruszewicz-Duchlińska, Alina. 2009. Surnames of Inhabitans of Lidzbark District (1500-1772). (Olsztyn: Centrum Badań Europy Wschodniej, Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie)
  (Internet Archive link.)
• Piekosiński, Franciszek Ksawery. 1885. Prawa, przywileje i statuta miasta Krakowa (1507-1795). [Rights, privileges, and statutes of the city of Kraków (1507-1795)] Vol. 1, Part 2. (Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności)
• Piwnica Świdnicka. 2024. About Us.
• Rajman, Jerzy. 2014. "Średniowieczny Giebułtów: wieś rycerska z kościołem św. Idziego." [Medieval Giebułtów: A knight's estate with the church of Saint Giles.] Lokalności: kwartalnik Stowarzyszenia Korona Północnego Krakowa. 1: 2-7.
  (Internet Archive link.)
• Rymut, Kazimierz. 1967. Nazwy miejscowe północnej części dawnego województwa krakowskiego. [Placenames of the northern part of the former Krakow Voivodeship.] (Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich)
• Urząd Gminy Zabierzów. 2023. Kochanów.
• de Vincenz, A. and Hentschel, G. 2010.Das Wörterbuch der deutschen Lehnwörter in der polnischen Schrift- und Standardsprache. [The dictionary of German loanwords in the written and standard Polish language.] (Oldenburg: Bundesinstituts für Kultur und Geschichte der Deutschen im östlichen Europa)